Sweeney Todd free essay sample

â€Å"Sweeney Todd: Demon Barber of Fleet Street† Review By Laura Harding I got the pleasure of spending an evening at the Devonport Choral Society’s production â€Å"Sweeney Todd: Demon Barber of Fleet Street† on the 29th of May 2009 at the Devonport Entertainment and Convention Centre. I went there expecting to see a decent and professionally neat show by the Devonport Choral Society and was pleasantly surprised to experience watching something much more than that. Visually the production was very clever, humorous, and artistic. The lighting was clever and appropriate for each scene. The costumes through-out the entire show were incredibly striking and suited each character and scene perfectly! In particular, Mrs Lovett’s costume and hair were brilliant and really brought the vibrancy of her character out visually. The set was very cleverly made, with the two levels of Mrs Lovett’s pie shop with the trap door at the top where the victims fall down. We will write a custom essay sample on Sweeney Todd or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was painted very effectively and looked quite realistic, yet humorous. The stairs used to get to the top level are the same stairs that were used in almost every scene, but not only as a simple staircase as they created the opportunity for the audience to imagine them as something else. For example, when Johanna was singing from her bedroom she was standing on the staircase, yet it was obvious to the audience that she wasn’t actually on a staircase in the story. This imaginative theme continued through-out the production in with many of the props being over exaggerated in a funny way. The limbs were clearly made of foam, yet it suited in with the whole atmosphere of the show. It was made even funnier with Mrs Lovett just carelessly chucking them into the oven. The oven was another stand-out piece of set. It looked incredibly effective with the coloured lights and the smoke coming from it. Effects such as that really helped the whole show step-up another level. The only effect that was not quite fitting was a loud screeching sound effect. It worked in some places, but it was used far too much for it to have the desired effect.

Catalyst essays

Catalyst essays Purpose: The purpose of this project is to find out the effect of the enzyme activity by looking at enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the effect of pH and temperature on enzyme activity. Hypothesis: If procedures are followed correctly then the effect on enzyme activity will be found. 2. Set up 5 vials containing 40ml of 4 % hydrogen peroxide in each. Measure and record the depth of the hydrogen peroxide in the vials. 3. Dilute the enzyme as follows. Make each dilution in a separate cup. 100 units/ml = 12 ml 100 units/ml + 3 ml cold dH2O 80 units/ml = 12 ml 100 units/ml + 10 ml cold dH2O 50 units/ml = 3 ml 100 units/ml + 12 ml cold dH2O 20 units/ml = 3 ml 100 units/ml + 12 ml cold dH2O 4. Using the forceps, dip a filter into the enzyme solution at 100 units/ml, then remove it and drain it on a paper towel. Drop the disc into the vial of hydrogen peroxide labeled 100 units/ml and time how long it takes the filter to rise to the surface. Repeat this procedure for each of the other enzyme dilutions. Record result. 5. Obtain 1 vial of catalase at 100 units/ml. 6. Dilute the substrate (hydrogen peroxide) as described below. 1.5% h2o2:20ml 3% h2o2 + 20ml distilled water 0.75% h2o2 :10 ml 3% h2o2 + 30 distilled water 0.38% h2o2 : 5 ml 3% h2o2 +35 ml distilled water 7. Dip a filter into the catalase, drain on a paper towel and then drop the filter into the 3% H2O2. Time how long it takes the filter to rise to the top. Repeat this procedure for each of the substrate dilutions. Record your results in the appropriate data chart. 8 Obtain 1 vial of 40 ml 1% h2o2. Measure and record the depth of the hydrogen peroxide. ...

Teaching lesson plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Teaching lesson plan - Coursework Example which include making student read facts about their animals and restate nocturnal/diurnal classification of animals, are fully aligned with the objectives. In addition, making the students point out the many animals that are diurnal and nocturnal makes it clear for them on what they must learn in the lesson. Evidence in demonstrating mastery of the lesson includes being able to identify and classify animals on whether they are nocturnal or diurnal, as well as having a comprehension check. c) Learning experiences planned in this lesson, which includes making the student describe their habitat and asking how they would adapt to it, relating it to the adaptation technique of animals, and relating it to their native language all express relevance to the objectives. d) Instruction in this particular lesson plan is not differentiated. However, there are benefits that ELL or special needs student will get from this lesson, including relating their own experiences and understanding to how animals adapt to their environments. The activities that support learning modalities include relating the lesson to personal experiences, the extensive use of visual guides, and relating it to the native languages of the students. e) There are frequent ways to check the student’s understanding in this lesson, and strategies used includes identifying prior knowledge of the students to the lesson, making them recite the differences between nocturnal and diurnal animals, and making them classify animals on their own. a) The lesson objectives, which include presenting the alternative French version of the Cinderella story, determining story elements, discussing story themes and making students respond fully align with academic standards. These objectives helps students analyze the story according to their parts, and trace cultural differences within the variant Cinderella story. b) The assessments, which include making the students read the variant story, summarize it, and composing a

Nursing Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing Education - Assignment Example et al. First Published : November-December 2008 Introduction The department of nursing is evaluating nursing student’s capability of appraising scientific articles using evidence based teaching methods. These articles reveal three stages of teaching how to appraise scientific articles. For instance, there is the formulation of a question, searching for relevant evidences, and significant appraisal of the evidence (Oermann, 2007). The synopsis The nursing department applies the three steps by giving the students two scientific articles to evaluate. The students are organized into discussion groups. In addition, they discuss the articles with their lectures. Finally, both the students’ discussions and the examination results reports, recommend that method of appraising scientific articles (Smith-Strom & Nortyedt, 2008). Consequently, Smith-strom argues that, this discovery improves the student’s attitude towards apprising scientific articles thus the critical appra isal of articles. Sewell, a specialist in computers, informatics, nursing (CIN), conducts research on the impacts of the decision process, based on evidence. He researches whether the decision can improve the passing rates of national council licensure examinations in the Bachelor of Science nursing option (Engelmann, et al., 2008). These articles, further indicates that, the processes can also apply in other nursing sections irrespective of their mission and the number of students (Mastrian, 2011). In his article, he also examines the key components that significantly contribute to success in nursing programme. The article also discovers new lessons and opportunities for detailed assessment methods. These articles explore the way of achieving excellence in nursing education (Gaberson, 2009).They also provide that the key features of excellence in nursing offer a strong foundation for an outstanding performance thus excellent services. These features guide nursing education programs for their self-actualization. Additionally, such foundations’ features translate to the nature of candidates, the type of the faculty, assured improvement in quality, and curriculum teaching and evaluation strategies (Sewell, Culpa-Bondal & Colvin, 2008). A sample of a research question about the evidence based programs and teaching is shown below. Is there a need for a change in diagnosis and care planning? The research design Collect internal data about diagnosis and care planning then compare with an external data. Connect the problem with intrusion and outcomes using Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). Create the best verification by a text review and vital appraisal of accessible research in diagnosis and care planning. Merge the research evaluation results with qualitative statistics, medical finding, and contextual data. Evaluate system feasibility; consider patient benefits and threats of implementing diagnosis care. D evise a change in the current diagnosis practices. Lastly apply and maintain the change in the diagnosis care practice. The research setting Five experimental assessments are conducted in four nursing centers. The project starts in 2012, which gives a good context for the research. The researchers, the nurses, the patients, and the agencies that deal with nursing services perform the experiments. The research starts with the assessment of one of the nursing schools. In addition, similar assessments occur in other nursing schools.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Assignment Example Having majored in finance, I am looking forward to build my own business and apply my learned knowledge in my business. I am a hard working person who would like to excel in the real estate sector. In this document, I offer my statement for long-term career goal, personal development, vision, mission, professional development, self assessment, description of my business dreams, and strategic professional development. Direction-mission, vision, values In order to stay focused in realizing my personal and professional ambitions, I have taken time in preparing my goal statement. My strategic plan is to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in all my personal and professional endeavors. I am well informed that without a proper goal statement and strategic plan, success in personal life and work can not be realized. Goal statement helps in figuring out what companies or industries a person is interested in. A long-term goal statement help in figuring out what one needs to accomplish in thei r career. For my sake, I am focused on starting and developing my personal business. I have a vision of starting a personal business in real estate. In order to be successful in my business plans, I must focus on self evaluation and development planning to enhance my capacity in realizing my long-term goal. It is essential for each person to know what he/she want to do in order to attain success. Knowledge on the strategies and approaches of gaining success is also essential in personal and professional development. External environment The Location of my indented real estate business will be at San Francisco. This is a perfect location due to the overwhelming market of real estate business in the area. For me, the weather and business environment in San Francisco is favorable for my personal and professional development. I like the warm and humid atmosphere of San Francisco. The good geographical environment and climate will help productivity and quality of my work. This is both fo r personal development of mood as well as availability of market. The geographic location is very suitable for diverse employees. Internal environment Luckily for me, I am well aware of what I want to do. I am also well aware of how to attain success in my personal and professional endeavors. My interests are in real estate business. Being a major in Finance, I will be able to successfully manage my business firm. I am a very outgoing and hardworking person who will be able to relate well with other business partners, employees and customers of all levels. I am very outgoing and able to interact with people of all backgrounds in a humble manner. Combination of these character traits with my knowledge in finance will make me succeed in real estate business. The first and fore most fundamental step in my long-term personal and professional development plan is gaining a degree in finance. Academic knowledge is of great importance in realizing my professional career objectives. I am ful ly aware that it is fundamental to get my feet wet in many areas so as to attain success. This will help me in furthering my knowledge, skills and understanding in finance. I am planning to apply for different positions of internships in finance and real estate. This will offer me the necessary preparations needed in real estate industry. By attaining my education and internship, I will be able to gain the necessary experience on different aspects of

Threat Of Substitute Products Marketing Essay

Threat Of Substitute Products Marketing Essay The porter`s five forces model make a clear view of internal and the external environment of the industry. It allows strategies to create a strategy to gain competitive advantages and to remain the same level for a longer period. Hence, it is important to analysis in order to have an overview of the industry and the underlying the pressure will face by company and understand the objective that facing by Starbuck. Threat of substitute products: Switching cost, buyer propensity to substitute and performance of substitute Rivalry among existing market Smaller privately own coffeehouse, unique character and structure Bargaining power of buyers: Variety option available in the market, a lot of brands available due to no of competitor Bargaining power of suppliers: A crowded market in coffee market, supplier raising the price of coffee bean and choose supplier based on economic and environmental issue Threat of new entrants: Product differentiation and control access to distribution channel, innovation. Industry Competition The greatest among the five forces is perhaps industry rivalry. It has the biggest potential to influence the competitiveness of the industry and in turn the rate of profit for companies. Although the collective strength of the five forces determines the ultimate profit potential for an industry (Porter 1998b, p. 21), industry rivalry is the deciding factor for the determination of such profit rate. If competition within the industry is mild, or there are only few competitors, the rate of profit is generally higher, but if the competition is intense, companies cannot expect to earn spectacular returns on investment (Porter 1998b) The coffee industry has a structure or characteristics that are difficult to define or to set a boundary from which it can be differentiated with other industries (Larson 2008). Although it can be easily recognised from a single commodity, which is the coffee bean, the coffee industrys characteristics are unique in that its scope is much larger than what it appears to be. The coffee industry can be divided into two categories, the productionbased segment and the retail-based segment. For purposes of this paper, the production-based segment will be confined to those companies and individuals who plant and grow coffee beans, whilst the retail-based segment is confined to the specialty coffee sector, wherein the coffee beans are sold to consumers directly, either in the coffeehouses or in retails stores, department stores and supermarkets. It is on the latter segment that the focus of this analysis will be given. In 1987, when the company was bought and formed by Michael Schultz, Starbucks faces competition against other small coffeehouse chains across Seattle. In the entire United States, a number of coffeehouses are established. Most of these coffeehouses are small and medium sized and they are owned by individuals or families. Today, although there are several companies that compete against Starbucks, these competitors were relatively smaller and most often are concentrated only in a certain area or region. In the coffeehouse sector, Starbucks competitors are Second Cup, Gloria Jeans, Coffee People and other similar coffeehouse chains, which are now either situated in a specific state or are expanding or planning to expand their domestic and international operations. Gloria Jeans for example, started its international expansion in the 1990s when the Starbucks stores overseas are already numbering by the hundreds. Among these direct competitors, it appears that Gloria Jeans is the primary c ompetitor for Starbucks, as evidenced in an online survey conducted. The company is also engaged in the consumer products segment selling bottled coffee drinks, whole grain coffee beans or ready-to-drink coffees in packs, and other similar product descriptions. In the consumer products segment, the companys noted and biggest rivals include Procter Gamble, Nestle and Kraft. The latter companies have been in the packaged coffee sector for a significantly longer period, in fact they have been in this business for more than a century, than Starbucks, which started to enter this sector only a few years ago with the formation of its Global ConsumerProducts Group segment. Apart from the two large consumer product companies, the Starbucks products also face competition with substitute products such as soft drinks, energy drinks, and other non-alcoholic beverages. The specialty coffee industry competition is, however, not price-based unlike the other industries. In this particular industry, consumption of coffee is not dependent on the price of the product or commodity but on the differentiation between each product and several value adding variables such as the quality of customer services, brand, brand recognition or image of the company. Hence, the specialty coffee industry is not sensitive to price adjustments or movements. Threat of New Entrants The entry of new players in an industry can bring the competition into new, higher levels. New entrants, most especially large ones, bring new capacity, the desire to gain market share and often substantial resources that could cause a shake-up or a rearrangement of the current competitive positions of companies within the industry (Porter 1998). In order to protect the players/companies positions in the industry, they have to set up high barriers for new entrants. These barriers include economies of scale, product differentiation, capital requirements, cost disadvantages independent of size, access to distribution channels and government policy (Porter 1998). Major players often force new entrants to come in at a cost disadvantage by compelling the latter to spend or invest large amounts of money on production, research and development, marketing, distribution channels, financial resources and all aspects of the business. The specialty coffee industry today is undoubtedly dominated by Starbucks, having no equal or larger company in size that competes directly against the company. However, the industry is open to all potential rivals, especially to large companies engaged in the consumer products and retail chain business. For example, the new entrants in the coffeehouse business today are McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts and Burger King, three large companies which are challenging Starbucks dominance in the industry. These new entrants can equal Starbucks capabilities in the aspects of distribution channels, marketing and other areas. They have the capacity to bring new resources that can cause a shake-up in the industry, but not yet enough to topple Starbucks from its current dominant position. With the three big companies entrance into the specialty coffee retailing segment, Starbucks position is definitely shaken. Despite the openness of the specialty coffee segment to new entrants, barriers to the successful entry of new players appears to be tall. First, product differentiation in the industry is high. Specialty coffees are so differentiated in appearance, presentation, taste and even in image. Brand recognition is especially important for consumers, along with excellent customer service and the overall ambience of the coffeehouse. These barriers were successfully established by Starbucks long before McDonalds or Dunkin Donuts decided to venture in this industry. Favourable access to raw materials is also an important barrier in this industry. Starbucks have exclusive access to quality coffee beans from several suppliers around the world. The beans Starbucks bought from its suppliers follow the Fair Trade criteria established in the industry. This characteristic is simply costly for Starbucks competitors since they have to assure their customers that the coffee they serve is made from the finest coffee beans similar to Starbucks. On this aspect, cost disadvantage will be experienced by the new entrants, such as McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts. However, at present, McDonalds, Dunkin Donuts and other potential rivals are still targeting the lower end of the market, leaving the high-end bracket who are still attracted to Starbucks. However, these new entrants are now shaking up the industry, pressuring Starbucks to cut its price to maintain its rate of investment as the coffeehouse chains market share is now being eaten up by the rivals. threat of Substitute Products Substitute products, as explained by Porter (1998), are those products that come from other industries and can pose as a trade-off for products in the underlying industry. In the specialty coffee industry, substitute products can be those non-alcoholic beverages such as tea, soft drinks, fruit juices and energy drinks and other caffeinated drinks. These are sources of substitute products which the consumers can purchase in place of coffee. However, the only true direct substitute for specialty coffee is the basic coffee, but the basic coffee is considered to be a substantially lower quality than specialty and as such does not present threat to specialty coffee. On the other hand, whilst there are several potential substitutes, a cup of specialty coffee is still what consumers prefer to purchase. Product differentiation and brand image plays an important role in this industry. The specialty coffee products are different in many aspects from the substitutes. Coffeehouses offer not only a cup of coffee but the experience of sipping the specialty coffee on a luxurious ambience, such as what Starbucks is offering. Soft drinks companies and non-alcoholic beverage producers are on a mass marketing, selling their products in retail stores, supermarkets and department stores. Coffeehouses, on the other hand, offer an exclusive place for its consumers to enjoy their coffee. Hence, the threat of substitute products is not significant or is not considered a major force in the specialty coffee business. Buyers Bargaining Power Customers are a powerful force in an industry. They can pressure the companies to cut down their prices, demand better services from the company and can pit one company against another (Porter 1998). In other words, customers can influence the rise and fall of rate of profits in a particular industry. According to Porter, buyers or a buyer group become powerful if: They are concentrated or purchases in large volumes. The products they purchase in an industry are undifferentiated or standard. The products they purchase form a component of their own products or a significant fraction of its cost. They are of low income levels which create incentive to lower their purchase costs. The industrys products are unimportant to the buyers quality of services or products. The buyer does not benefit from the product. They pose a credible threat of integrating backward to make the industrys products These powers can be acquired by the consumers if they act as a group. However, in the specialty coffee industry, the largest fraction of buyers is the individual consumers, and they do not act in unison (Larson 2008). In the specialty coffee industry, individual consumers compose the largest purchasers of the product and these buyers tend to be less concerned with the price of the product (Larson 2008). This decreases their bargaining power further. Product differentiation in this industry is so high that consumers tend to look more for the quality of services and the image of the brand than the price of the product or where did the products raw materials come from, or what is the price of the raw materials, etc. hence, the bargaining power of the buyers are low. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Similar with the buyers, suppliers can also exert influence on the players in an industry. Suppliers can gain bargaining power and can be potential threat to industry players in terms of industry profits. They have the ability to increase or decrease the quality of products in a particular industry (Porter 1998). Michael Porter also outlined the major sources of bargaining power of suppliers. The author said a supplier group is powerful if: It is dominated by a few companies and is more concentrated than the industry it sells to. Its product is unique or at least differentiated, or if it has built up switching costs. It is not obliged to contend with other products for sale to the industry. It poses a credible threat of integrating forward into the industrys businesses. The industry is not an important customer for the supplier group. Again, similar to the buyers situation, the bargaining power of suppliers can only Be increased if they act in unison and they are highly concentrated. However, in the specialty coffee industry, suppliers generally have less bargaining power due to the number of coffee farms and plantations spread across several continents, namely Latin America, the Pacific Rim and East Africa (Larson 2008). Whilst there is only one variety of coffee needed for the industry, Arabica, there are however practically thousands of plantations and individual coffee growers growing this particular type of coffee bean, giving the coffeehouse companies more choices to replace existing suppliers should the latter demand higher prices for their coffee beans. Hence, the suppliers are diverse and spread and the industry players exert more influence and get a larger share of the profits of the industry over the suppliers. To sum up the five forces analysis, it can be concluded that the specialty coffee industry today is generally attractive and highly competitive. Despite the monopoly of Starbucks in the past two decades, a number of small, individual and family-owned coffeehouses have sprouted. The buyers and suppliers have less bargaining power and the threat of substitute products is insignificant. Thus, the rate of profit in the industry is highly concentrated upon the major industry players, particularly to Starbucks. However, with the entry of new players such as fast-food chain giants McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts, Starbucks dominance in the specialty coffee industry is being threatened.

The Networks Surviving With Survivor Essay -- Television Shows TV Essa

The Networks Surviving With Survivor Reality shows sent a much-needed lifeline to the television networks industry. These shows have found a new way to bring much needed viewers, and even more important they brought in much needed money. The money came rolling into CBS after premiering Survivor, which brought in a profit of around $30,000,000 to the network. Even though Survivor is the must costly reality show, costing close to one million dollars to produce and hour of programming. In comparison to other shows, which cost far more like CBS’s series â€Å"CSI: Crime Scene Investigation† which cost over 1.6 million to produce per hour. With the amount of money coming in such large sums to networks have had to close monitor how much is being spent. Clearly’ the reality shows have brought in much needed assets to the flattering television networks. The failing television networks have found a number of elements in reality shows which can save them money. These elements have combined to improve rating, while also improving the amount of money brought into the networks. The networks have had pressure from stockholders to improve the return on their investments, or possible begin to lose their money. So the networks have discovered ways to save money with reality’ shows one being they haven’t had to pay actors. All the main characters of this shows are contests and only one will be ~paid† at the end. In addition to not paying actors, they have also been able to cut back greatly on the number of writers used to write scripts. The reality shows have been in a way been â€Å"pre-tested† in other nations. The U.S. networks know that the shows can be successful because of the success they have had in Europe. These facts have all come together ... ... stints on the television show. Fox capitalized on this viewer enthusiasm by showing the wedding. The Fox network is not the only group that has used the popular contestants after they’ve been on the show. E! Entertainment Television has had various ex-Survivor cast members host some of their shows. Some have also appeared in commercials. The Rosie O’Donnell Show even went to the extent of purchasing gifts for former members of the Survivor 2 cast (one former contestant, Colby, was given a Harley Davidson motorcycle!). The most outrageous occurrence seemed to take place when former Survivor 2 contestant Jerri, posed for Playboy Magazine. It is clear that in the world of reality television, personality and popularity are everything. Popularity on reality TV shows can translate into commercial viability and an unreal life beyond reality television.

Comprehensive Continuous Evaluation

Over the years it is the opinion of every educationist, teacher and general public that board or annual school examinations based on tests in two or three hours duration provide limited Information on various elements of curriculum and range of learning in any subjects. ln view of the above short comings in the existing system of evaluation it is desirable that evaluation of students should be not only continuous but comprehensive also.The term Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is used for school based evaluation of pupils in which their assessment is done on a ontinuous basis throughout the year and which Is also comprehensive in nature, in the sense that It Is not confined to assessment In scholastic subjects but also covers co-scholastlc areas such as performance In games/sports, Physical education, Creative Education, Art, Music, Dance, Drama, other cultural activities and Personal & Social qualities. The main aim of CCE is to evaluate every aspect of the child during their presence at the school.This is believed to help reduce the pressure on the child during/before examinations as the student will have to sit for multiple tests hroughout the year, of which no test or the syllabus covered will be repeated at the end of the year, whatsoever. As a part of this new system, student's marks will be replaced by grades which will be evaluated through a series of curricular and extra- curricular evaluations along with academics. The aim is to reduce the workload on students and to improve the overall skill and ability of the student by means of evaluation of other activities.Grades are awarded to students based on work experience skills, dexterity, innovation, steadiness, teamwork, public speaking, ehavior, etc. to evaluate and present an overall measure of the student's ability. This helps the students who are not good In academics to show their talent in other fields . The National Policy on Education (1986) and the Programme of Action (1992) followe d by the National Curriculum Framework of School Education (1986 and 2000) reiterated the need for developing the personal and social qualities In learners.They stressed the point that the evaluation should be comprehensive In nature, wherein all learning experiences pertalnlng to scholastic, co-scholasuc and personal and ocial qualities are assessed. To make this happen the MHRD announced Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation system which is to be implemented in every school . The CCE method is claimed to bring enormous changes from the traditional chalk and talk method of teaching, provided It Is Implemented accurately.Comprehensive Continuous Evaluation By suvadip_sain provide limited information on various elements of curriculum and range of learning continuous basis throughout the year and which is also comprehensive in nature, in he sense that it is not confined to assessment in scholastic subjects but also covers co-scholastic areas such as performance in games/sports, Phys ical education, This helps the students who are not good in academics to show their talent in other reiterated the need for developing the personal and social qualities in learners.They stressed the point that the evaluation should be comprehensive in nature, wherein all learning experiences pertaining to scholastic, co-scholastic and personal and and talk method of teaching, provided it is implemented accurately. Comprehensive Continuous Evaluation Over the years it is the opinion of every educationist, teacher and general public that board or annual school examinations based on tests in two or three hours duration provide limited information on various elements of curriculum and range of learning in any subjects. In view of the above short comings in the existing system of evaluation it is desirable that evaluation of students should be not only continuous but comprehensive also.The term Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is used for school based evaluation of pupils in which their assessment is done on a continuous basis throughout the year and which is also comprehensive in nature, in the sense that it is not confined to assessment in scholastic subjects but also covers co-scholastic areas such as performance in games/sports, Physical education, Creative Education, Art, Music, Dance, Drama, other cultural activities and Personal & Social qualities.The main aim of CCE is to evaluate every aspect of the child during their presence at the school. This is believed to help reduce the pressure on the child during/before examinations as the student will have to sit for multiple tests throughout the year, of which no test or the syllabus covered will be repeated at the end of the year, whatsoever. As a part of this new system, student's marks will be replaced by grades which will be evaluated through a series of curricular and extra-curricular evaluations along with academics.The aim is to reduce the workload on students and to improve the overall skill and ability of the student by means of evaluation of other activities. Grades are awarded to students based on work experience skills, dexterity, innovation, steadiness, teamwork, public speaking, behavior, etc. to evaluate and present an overall measure of the student's ability. This helps the students who are not good in academics to show their talent in other fields .The National Policy on Education (1986) and the Programme of Action (1992) follow ed by the National Curriculum Framework of School Education (1986 and 2000) reiterated the need for developing the personal and social qualities in learners. They stressed the point that the evaluation should be comprehensive in nature, wherein all learning experiences pertaining to scholastic, co-scholastic and personal and social qualities are assessed. To make this happen the MHRD announced Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation system which is to be implemented in every school .

What to Know About Presidential Appointments

What to Know About Presidential Appointments Presidential appointments come in two forms: those that require the approval of the Senate and those that do not. Aside from Cabinet secretaries and Supreme Court justices, whose nominations require the approval of the Senate, the President of the United States currently has the authority to appoint people to high-level positions within the federal government unilaterally. According to the Government Accountability Office (GAO), most of these positions appointed directly by the president come with salaries of from $99,628 to about $180,000 per year and include full federal employee benefits. How Many and Where? In its report to Congress, the GAO identified 321 presidentially appointed (PA) positions governmentwide that do not require Senate confirmation. PA positions fall into one of three categories: 67% of the positions serve on federal commissions, councils, committees, boards or foundations; 29% of the positions are within the Executive Office of the President, and the remaining 4% are in other federal agencies or departments.Of those 321 PA positions, 163 were created on August 10, 2012, when President Obama signed the Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act. The act converted 163 presidential nominations, all of which had previously required Senate hearings and approval, to positions appointed directly by the president. According to the GAO, most PA positions were created between 1970 and 2000. What the PAs Do PAs appointed to commissions, councils, committees, boards, or foundations and typically serve as advisors. However, they may be assigned some degree of responsibility for evaluating or even creating the organizations policy and direction.PAs in the Executive Office of the President (EOP) often directly support the president by providing advisory and administrative assistance. They might be expected to advise the president on a wide range of areas, including foreign relations, US and international economic policy, and homeland security. Also, PAs in the EOP assist in maintaining relationships between the White House and Congress, the executive branch agencies, and state and local governments.Responsibilities of PAs serving directly in federal agencies and departments are the most diverse. They may be assigned to assist presidential appointees in positions that require Senate approval. Others may serve as US representatives to United Nations organizations. Others may be assigned leade rship roles at highly visible non-agency organizations, such as the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health. In most cases, there are no specific qualifications for PA positions, and since the appointments do not come under Senate scrutiny, they are subject to being used as political favors. However, PA positions on commissions, councils, committees, boards or foundations often have legally required qualifications. How Much the PAs Make First of all, most PAs are not paid a salary. According to the GAO, 99% of all PAs- those serving as advisors to commissions, councils, committees, boards or foundations- are either not compensated at all or are paid a daily rate of $634 or less only while serving.The remaining 1% of PAs- those in the EOP and those serving in federal agencies and departments- are paid salaries ranging from $99,628 to $180,000. However, there are notable exceptions. For example, the Director of the National Cancer Institute is a PA position within the Department of Health and Human Services that receives a salary of $350,000, according to the GAO.PA positions in the EOP and the federal departments and agencies are mostly full-time jobs and have no term limits. PAs appointed to commissions, councils, committees, boards or foundations serve intermittently during terms typically lasting from 3 to 6 years. Other Types of Politically Appointed Positions Overall, there are four main categories of politically appointed positions: Presidential Appointments with Senate confirmation (PAS), Presidential Appointments without Senate confirmation (PSs), political appointees to the Senior Executive Service (SES), and Schedule C political appointees. Persons in SES and Schedule C positions are typically appointed by PAS and PA appointees, rather than the President. However, all appointments to SES and Schedule C posts must be reviewed and approved by the Executive Office of the President. As of 2012, the GAO reported a total of 3,799 politically appointed federal positions, including 321 PA positions, 1,217 PAS positions, 789 SES positions, and 1,392 Schedule C positions. Presidential Appointments with Senate confirmation (PAS) positions are the top of the federal personnel food chain, and include positions such as cabinet agency secretaries and top administrators and deputy administrators of the non-cabinet agencies. Holders of PAS positions have direct responsibility for implementing the presidents goals and policies. During  the fiscal year 2013, salaries for PAS positions ranged from $145,700 to $199,700, the current salary of cabinet secretaries. PAs, while significantly responsible for implementing White House goals and policies, often serve under PAS appointees. Senior Executive Service (SES) appointees serve in positions just below PAS appointees. According to the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, they are the major link between these appointees and the rest of the Federal workforce. They operate and oversee nearly every government activity in approximately 75 Federal agencies. In the fiscal year 2013, salaries for Senior Executive Service appointees ranged from $119,554 to $179,700. Schedule C appointments are typically non-career assignments to positions ranging from regional directors of agencies to staff assistants and speech writers. Schedule C appointees are typically changed with each new incoming presidential administration, making them the category of presidential appointments most likely to be handed out as political favors. Salaries for Schedule C appointees range from $67,114 to $155,500. SES and Schedule C appointees typically serve in subordinate roles to PAS and PA appointees. At the Pleasure of the President By their very nature, presidential political appointments are not for people looking for a stable, long-term career. To be appointed in the first place, political appointees are expected to support the policies and goals of the presidents administration. As the GAO puts it, Individuals serving in political appointments generally serve at the pleasure of the appointing authority and do not have the job protections afforded to those in career-type appointments.

The Application and Benefits of Activity Massage

The Application and Benefits of Activity Massage Free Online Research Papers Activity Massage uses skilled manipulation of soft tissues and utilises a specific set of techniques to assist with body maintenance, recovery and prevention of problems. The beneficial effects of massage start with its positive influence on the muscular and soft tissues of the body, improving circulation of blood and lymph fluids. It is widely accepted that massage can help to speed up recovery in between training sessions and signpost potential stresses or injury as well as supporting faster rehabilitation to sustained injuries. It is not, however, purely a physical experience and massage may also provide a means of relaxation and stress relief, promoting mental well-being and stimulating the senses. Massage provides four complex bodily responses which work together to provide an effective and holistic complementary therapy for the client. These responses are discussed below: Mechanical: This response is the result of movement and pressure applied during massage onto the soft tissues. Lymphatic and venous circulation is stimulated and soft tissues can be stretched and manipulated. An example of this occurs when joint swelling (oedema) that has occurred through injury is manipulated using mechanical techniques to mobilise the fluids into the lymphatic system and thus reducing the swelling. A skilled therapist will use a variety of manual techniques to achieve the optimal result for a particular issue presented by each individual client. In addition to the personal ‘hands on’ approach there are also machines available that will emulate the effects of massage such as the G5 which comes with a variety of attachments to mimic different massage techniques. Physiological: This aspect of massage is the body’s reaction to the techniques used by the masseur. One of the typical physiological responses include erythema, in which the skin reddens as blood circulation to the area being massaged is increased. General stiffness of muscles and tension, muscle spasms and muscular-skeletal problems are may be decreased as tissue elasticity is enhanced. It can be noted that not everyone agrees on the physiological benefits of activity massage. One case study carried out by Hemmings et al argues that ‘despite massage being widely used by athletes, little scientific evidence exists to confirm the efficacy of massage for promoting both physiological (and psychological) recovery after exercise and massage effects on performance.’ Their findings seem to indicate that while massage remains a popular recovery technique its physiological benefits are still uncertain, further research is necessary to confirm the benefits from a scientific point of view. Neurological: The central nervous system is part of the communication system that connects the body to the brain and controls bodily movement. During massage messages are sent to the brain via the central nervous system. These can have either a calming or stimulating effect on the person’s state of mind depending on the type of massage, for example using fast repetitive techniques to create stimulus and slow rhythmic strokes to induce relaxation. The length of time that massage is given may also affect the neurological response. Psychological: This is the effect that massage can have on a recipient’s state of mind. Mills et al (2004) suggest that some of the psychological responses induced by massage include pain, anxiety and tension reduction, relaxation and stimulation and assistance with preparation for forthcoming challenges. An example of the latter would be an athlete receiving a stimulating massage before an event to help focus the mind and prepare the muscles for action in addition to normal warming-up procedures. Massage utilises a wide variety of techniques to provide an effective treatment tailored to the individual depending on their requirements. A therapist will take in account the specific purpose of the massage, i.e. whether it is to be a maintenance massage in-between training sessions, a pre-event warm-up or a post-event massage to check for injury and to relieve stresses, strains and possible build up of toxins in the muscles caused by exertion. The next part of the report will review four of the main basic techniques and explain how they are applied and their specific uses and benefits they can bring. Effleurage: Its core use is as a preparatory and concluding stroke but is also employed as a connecting stroke to maintain contact before changing onto another phase of the massage, usually a different kind of manipulation. It can be a soothing technique and is beneficial to connect the therapist to the client, thus establishing a level of trust that enables muscle relaxation and allowing for deeper techniques to work more effectively during the treatment. Effleurage can be sub-divided into two types – deep and superficial. Superficial effleurage consists of using both hands to perform a light stroking movement using evenly applied pressure that moulds to the contours of the body. It warms the skin and may induce relaxation. Due to its slightly firmer upward movements towards the heart it can stimulate lymphatic drainage and increase blood flow. Deep effleurage uses the same technical movement but the depth of pressure is greatly increased. It can also be performed at a faster rate to provide a more stimulating effect on both the body and the mind. Petrissage: Deriving from the French word petris which means ‘to knead’, petrissage aims to adjust the tension in the muscle, relieve spasms and reduce fatigue and is a detailed technique using a variety of hand movements to achieve the desired level of stimulation in relation to the needs of the client. The main types of petrissage are kneading, knuckling, wringing, broadening, pumping, skin rolling and thumb sliding. All parts of the hand can be used when performing petrissage and the skin being massaged can be lifted, pressed and rolled in many varied sequences. Pressure can be light or heavy depending on the area being massaged, for example greater care would be taken when working over bony areas as these are more sensitive to deeper treatment. Mitchell (1997) suggests that finger sensitivity in the massager can be improved by the giving of petrissage and this may have the effect of improving technique the more it is practised. Friction: There are numerous techniques for performing friction massage but the basic principle is that superficial tissues are rubbed against deeper tissues to generate heat and encourage elasticity. It is commonly used as a post-event therapy for it provides a deep tissue massage purported to relieve tired or sore muscles. Unlike other techniques it is most effective when used without a lubricant upon the skin as the treatment tends to be localised over a small area, typically less than 2cm of skin. The potential benefits of applied friction techniques include repair of injured tissues, breaking up of scar tissue and realigning of muscle fibres. The actual hand movements employed in this type of massage include pincer-like gripping between thumb and fingers and reinforced fingers or thumbs. Trigger Pointing: Trigger points are nodules in the muscle fibres that send out ‘referred’ pain to a different part of the body. An individual may have many trigger points throughout their body and this is known as myofacial pain syndrome. Trigger pointing is a massage therapy technique that was developed by Dr Janet Travell (1901-1997) who pioneered numerous techniques for dealing with chronic pain. It involves the application of pressure to a tender muscle tissue point in order to relieve pain and dysfunction to a ‘satellite’ area of pain elsewhere on the body. There are several techniques employed to evoke trigger point responses. A typical method involves finding a nodule then applying pressure upon it with the thumb or fingers until a pain level of 7 is reached by the client on a scale of 1-10, the area is then palpated for 1 – 2 minutes to ease the tenderness of the nodule. An example of its beneficial use would be on someone who has the me dical condition fibromyalgia. Sufferers of this have chronic myofacial pain and trigger point techniques have been shown to facilitate improvements in pain reduction. Vecchiet et al (1999) provide a full report of their findings on this subject and gives further reading to present the case for trigger pointing and its benefits. Its medicinal use in this instance also shows that it is not just in a sports environment that activity massage can be advantageous. In conclusion it can be said that while massage itself has been in existence for thousands of years across the globe as an aid to relaxation, its measurable benefits have remained ambiguous. It is only in recent years with the development of sophisticated scientific methods and resources to increase knowledge of the subject that the full range of benefits and effects, particularly in reference to activity or sports massage, can be assessed. It currently continues to manifest itself as a growth area in scientific and medical research and through general use and practice by professionals. References: Dyson, R. Graydon, J. Hemmings, B. Smith, M. (2000). Effects of Massage on Physiological Restoration, Perceived Recovery and Repeated Sports Performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol 34 (Issue 2), p109-114. Mills, R. Parker-Bennett, S. (2004). Defining Sports Massage. Sports Massage. p10 Mitchell, A. (1999). Petrissage. The Complete Illustrated Guide to Massage. p74. Vecchiet, L. Giamberardino, A.. (1999). Muscle Pain, Myofacial Pain and Fibromyalgia: Recent Advances. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain. Vol 7 (Issue 1/2). Research Papers on The Application and Benefits of Activity MassageThree Concepts of PsychodynamicAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andOpen Architechture a white paperGenetic EngineeringThe Project Managment Office System

Risk Reflection Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Risk Reflection - Coursework Example unication imparted the message that driving under the influence is â€Å"not the best mix.† In addition, the visuals indicated a car dipping in a wine glass full of red wine. The color itself creates the impression of blood. The statistics in the communication indicate that at least 27 people die from drunk driving yearly. The risk communication on drunk driving applies the theory of outrage factors by alerting people and reassuring them (Sandman et al., 2012). The risk communication acts as an alert trying to protect people from the perils of drunk driving. In addition, it offers reassurance that by choosing the right mix (not drinking and driving), the risk would not occur. The statistics provided amplifies the risk by indicating that it is proven that driving under the influence is risky and can lead to death. The communication has some psychological effect on the public. It continues to alert the public that they ought not to be part of the statistic. Such a statement amplifies the risk by have a psychological impact on the public on the need to keep off from drunk driving. The risk communication on drunk driving is still open to modifications to ensure that it addresses the severity of the conditions. As such, it is important the message include the penalties applicable for the offence. The communicator focuses not on the effects of drinking, but the effects of driving under the influence. The message passed across is that individuals should not drink and drive. The main issue is driving under the influence. The hazard evokes a feeling of responsibility towards one’s life. As such, it is so irresponsible for an individual to drive while drunk amid all the communication against such an act. Sandman, P., Miller, P., Johnson, B., & Weinstein, N. (2012). Agency Communication, Community Outrage, and Perception of Risk: Three Simulation Experiments. Risk Analysis, 13(6), 585-598.

Beer Garden International Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Beer Garden International - Essay Example However, as the globalisation has emerged as a favourite concept in both the academia as well as business, it came as an apprehensive thought to expand the business further to Australia. Australia got the taste of beer at the beginning of Western Colonisation. In the year 2004, in per capita beer consumption, the country was ranked as fourth. The most popular beer style in this country is Legar. However, the Australians love to taste all the beer styles with same enthusiasm. It has been noticed that the people in Australia like to enjoy themselves and they would prefer to mix nice cold beer with this enjoyment. So, it does not seem to be bad idea to open one hefeweizen beer outlet in there. The beer outlet is supposed to be designed taking inspiration from Australian culture and their beer consumption styles. This would be to done to satisfy the consumer requirements in Australia. This report will consider the macro as well as micro environments of the business to frame a set of tact ical recommendations for the beet store. Types of stores operating in the industry in the city In Australia, the consumption of alcohol (especially beer) is quite high. Beer was introduced in Australia during the colonial history and soon it turns out to be one of the favorite drinks among the people. With passage of time, high consumption of beer turns out a major problem in the country. In 1979, consumption per capita was almost 6.4 liters per year. However, due to stringent action taken by the government to control the situation, consumption of beer in Australia started declining. As per the data published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 2009, per capita consumption declined to 4.49 liter per person per year. The past analysis of alcohol consumption pattern among Australian indicates a unique change; now people are shifting from quantity to quality. Consumption of low strength beer has declined by 25 percent, consumption of middle strength beer is almost unchanged and t he conception of full strength beer increased constantly. In 2009, 63 million liter of alcohol consumed in Australia was in form of wine whereas 79 million liter of alcohol was as beer. Almost ten years back the consumer in Australia were consuming three brands on regular basis but today it is almost seven different brands that comprises of both premium as well as traditional brands. This is good news for the international brands (Williams, 2010). This change in consumption habit of Australian people has influenced the type of stores and outlet where beer is sold. In Australia the state government is responsible for formulating rules and regulation for alcoholic beverage sales. Beer, wine and other spirit are sold at the bottle store, locally called bottle-o. Such stores can be as separate section in a super market or it may be as an individual store. The well known brands have their own bottle shops franchises near to the super markets. In these stores, apart from purchasing the co nsumers can sit and have their drinks. Apart from the bottle shops the driving establishments also have the legal permission to sell alcohol products to the customers but it is for off-site consumption. Considering the increasing pace of life, concept of drive through alcohol retail is also gaining popularity. In the drive through retiles shops customers can escape the tedious